مهسا دینی

Now that people's lives are under the rule of a legal and political phenomenon called the national state, we are witnessing crises and tension-causing problems within the internal structure of states as well as the arena of the international system. These states, as the main actors of the global system, often do not have the ability to remove these obstacles. This issue shows the inefficiency and mismanagement or lack of meritocracy in the bureaucracy and the lack of a tra  arent system in their political structure. On the other hand, existing global institutions and organizations do not have the power and ability to solve this governmental gap.

Therefore, challenging issues can be seen within the national states. These problems have appeared in the global arena, such as immigration, poverty, epidemics, structural injustice, inefficient systems, etc. The emergence of this internal problem and its extension to the global level makes people all over the world aware of a common vulnerability. The existence of these human injuries and the shortcomings of the national state indicate that the statets within their national borders are unable to provide favorable governance conditions for the citizens. Therefore, the necessity of solving these fundamental issues and overcoming them makes us aware of the issue of which mechanism has the ability to solve these challenges and create suitable human conditions. Mechanisms in which states can come together with an innovative and inclusive idea at the global level with the aim of helping people live better. In this regard, one of the structures proposed as an idea is the concept of world state. In the idea of ??a world state, it is necessary to look for an alternative world state that has the possibility of passing through global institutions and national states and has a universal, stable and systematic post-national form. An idea that can work beyond states to solve global problems efficiently.

In fact, the inability of states to manage the country and provide good governance requires the creation of a new structure that has the ability to solve the problems of human society. One of these structures, which is of course presented as an idea, is the concept of a world state, which has been one of the most controversial and important issues in the field of politics, because the idea of ??a world state has supporters and opponents, whose problem is to examine the possibility of states moving towards alternatives. is universal. The difference between the opinions of these two groups of supporters and opponents is in accepting and rejecting this idea. In the meantime, it should be mentioned that in the past we have faced criticisms about the internal governance, institutions and international organizatio   But instead, their alternatives have been discussed less. Therefore, it is necessary to look for an alternative world state in our minds that can bypass global institutions and national states and has a universal, stable and systematic post-national structure.

Also, in the necessity of paying attention to the functioning of the idea of ??the world state, it becomes important that the internal inequalities existing in the national borders are not limited only in the internal territory of the states, but become global. Therefore, global structural crises become a pervasive concern. In this regard, the idea of ??a world state can appear in different forms in several forms that have been proposed by different thinkers. But in general, the idea of ??a world state requires the creation of a structure in which the majority of people adhere to a world order. In fact, the scope of this citizenship is unlimited and inclusive, and all states and people are equal and everyone is equally important. In this structure, it is necessary for states and individuals to conform to the general mandatory laws of the world state. So despite this inclusive and stateless structure, the world state may have the ability to create a just world order. A system that can control some of the global problems such as poverty and disease.

Now, in this research, in addition to explaining the alternatives of the state, we are trying to examine the ideological and conceptual dimensions of the global state. Also, in addition to evaluating the internal and external criticisms of the idea of ??world state in international relations theories, let's clarify the relationship between world state and world justice. Finally, with the writing of this research, a perspective of the possibility of creating the idea of ??a world state and the fear and hope of its functions for the state and humanity will be determined.