رضا هاشمی

After the end of the Cold War and the collapse of the bipolar system, the world witnessed a new unipolar order led by the United States of America. On this basis, ordering and regularization of the international system was based on the ideas aligned with the American liberal order, and the structures; International institutions and regimes were also established to normalize relations between political actors. During this period, ideas such as globalization and the creation of a global village also emerged, and countries had to accept it in order to benefit from economic development. Technology and... But gradually, this order is also challenged by the hegemony of the United States due to two major phenomena: ۱- The status of the United States of America as the leader of the liberal order, which after the monetary and financial crises of ۲۰۰۷-۲۰۰۸ showed signs of unwillingness or inability to solve international issues. ۲- The emergence of political units that had and have the power to influence the results of the international system; It entered a new field, which is referred to as the transitional system. Among these, the countries that have the least dependence on the leaders and structures of this current order, or even have a history of challenging it; Compared to other countries, they will have more opportunities to be effective leaders and play a role in this transition period and, as a result, to achieve their position in the new order, because these types of countries already have the structures to deal with the challenges caused by the non-acceptance of the existing order. It is created especially in the security and economic fields and they have very rich post-test experience that other countries do not have this privilege and due to the limited time they have to follow these structures for their survival. The Islamic Republic of Iran has always been one of the most important; the most effective; The most obvious and obvious opponents of the American order have been and very seriously; the American order in the West Asian region; At least in the last twenty years; has challenged and despite all the pressures and threats from the American side; Both economic and military threats have not only continued to survive and remained, but while maximizing power, they have been able to create mechanisms to counter the American order as much as possible. These mechanisms are due to the inherent position of this country and with the aim of achieving regional power in various fields, which is considered as one of the goals of the twenty-year vision document. In this regard, the behavior model of the Islamic Republic of Iran has always been challenged by various units at the regional level and has incurred exorbitant costs at the extra-regional level as well. Most of these costs originate from economic sanctions and also security challenges caused by the creation of proxy wars by the United States. Therefore, considering the importance of the issue in the field of security and economy, it is necessary to carry out a research in order to examine and study the economic-security opportunities and challenges of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the international system in transition, in this way, on the one hand, to understand and A detailed understanding of the conditions and status of the current international system should be obtained, and on the other hand, Iran's position in the current and transitioning order and, accordingly, the upcoming order should also be studied.