عرفان خلیل وندی قدسیان

One of the effective organizations in improving the society is the trade unions, which were created with the intention of protecting the interests of workers and confronting the influence and power of employers. With the formation of the International Labour Organization and the recognition of the trade union as one of the human rights in the United Nations' human rights documents, the trade unions has gained global importance. By studying the legal systems of Scandinavian countries, especially Sweden, it is found that the high density and organizational strength of the trade unions in labour relations and the official labour policy- makings in Sweden can be possible in a suitable context, conformed to the tripartite principle of International Labor Organization and guaranteed freedom of association. The Swedish legal system, relying on the cooperative policy of the trade unions and providing the development of trade union rights and freedom of association through the Swedish Labor Court's judicial procedure, European treaties, passing laws in favor of unionism and grant of wide free hand to the trade unions, has led to the establishment of the trade unions have become powerful and influential and Sweden should be mentioned as a global model. The findings of the research indicate that the establishment of a powerful trade union system is dependent on the broad free hand method of the trade unions and the non-interference of the Swedish government in the labour relations. The applicable legal order of Swedish trade unions conforms to the approach of the International Labour Organization. Despite the recognition of the trade unions by the Iranian Labour act, laws and acts do not have protective sides and do not conform to the principles of the rights of the trade unions, in practice, it faces serious weaknesses performance and participation of trade unions. The thesis has been reviewed a comparative study of the trade unions in the legal systems of Iran and Sweden with a descriptive and analytical method